The Heterogeneous Disease Modelling (HDM) working group applies mathematical, computational and statistical methods to study infectious disease dynamics across individuals, populations and biological scales. These models account for genetic, environmental and social determinants to enhance disease surveillance, risk assessment, intervention strategies and control measures. Key applications:

• Host Heterogeneity – Captures individual variation in susceptibility, transmission and disease progression.
• Multi-Scale & Multi-Population Modeling – Links within-host pathogen dynamics to population-level transmission, incorporating zoonotic spillover and cross-species interactions.
• Personalized Interventions – Predicts host-specific treatment outcomes, vaccine efficacy and resistance evolution.
• Epidemiological Applications – Simulates disease spread, outbreak dynamics and intervention effectiveness under diverse environmental and socio-economic conditions.